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ADHD Medications and Treatments Stimulants are the main medications used to treat ADHD. They boost neurotransmitters, which aid in controlling impulses and improving concentration. These include amphetamine and dextroamphetamine which are marketed under brands like Adderall and methylphenidate, as well as Lisdexamfetamine. They are also known as Ritalin and Concerta. If stimulants don't work or cause too many adverse side effects, doctors can prescribe antidepressants like Wellbutrin. These medications target dopamine as well as norepinephrine, which are the brain's chemical messengers. Medication Drugs affect brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine, which are essential for concentration and thinking. The stimulants are the most frequently used drugs for ADHD, and they are efficient if taken in the prescribed manner. Like all medicines, stimulants can cause side effects. Doctors and patients work together to find the best dosage or combination of medication to minimize the risk of side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. Symptoms usually begin prior to the age of 12 and last through adolescence and sometimes into adulthood. medication for adult adhd may be mild, moderate or severe, and they may differ for girls and boys. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A health care provider can diagnose ADHD in teens or children by following the guidelines of the American Psychological Association for the disorder. They will interview parents and children about their symptoms and observe them in various environments. A child must exhibit at least six signs in two or more environments and the symptoms must affect the child's development and functioning. The symptoms must have appeared before the child reached 12 years old. Most children with ADHD are prescribed medication for their symptoms. Doctors can prescribe stimulants based on amphetamine, such as Adderall or the methylphenidate (the drug found in Ritalin). Doctors can prescribe nonstimulant drugs like atomoxetine or bupropion to treat ADHD. These drugs don't perform as quickly as stimulants however they can lessen some of the disorder's nagging side effects. ADHD is often linked to other psychiatric disorders, like depression or mood disorders. They are also more likely to develop disorders of substance use. Behavioral therapy, which is able to teach children and adults better ways to manage their ADHD, can help address these other issues. Research shows that a combination of therapy for behavior and medication can improve the quality of life of people and help reduce symptoms. Certain teenagers and children don't respond well to the ADHD medication, and might need a different medication or a lower dosage. Clinical studies are ongoing to determine the best treatment options for adolescents and adults with ADHD. Behavioral therapy Some people might not require medication to benefit from a behavior therapy. A modification in lifestyle or diet could help them lessen the symptoms of ADHD. They could also improve their organization skills by using reminders and alarms or by keeping important items in a designated location. Exercise and other activities requiring physical activity can be used to redirect energy instead of acting impulsively. Behavioral therapy is particularly beneficial for children who suffer from ADHD. It can teach parents how to be better parents and help their child deal with stress or other issues that can cause problems with attention. Behavioral therapy can help children learn to control their emotions and develop positive self-esteem, as well as manage their behavior in school. To diagnose ADHD doctors will discuss the individual's symptoms at length with them, and observe his or her behavior in different settings. They will review school records and questionnaires from relatives, teachers and other people who know the person. They will also determine if there are other health conditions or illnesses that exhibit similar symptoms. They will also apply ADHD rating scales and perform an examination for medical reasons. The most frequently used medication to treat ADHD is stimulants. These drugs are designed to boost the activity in the regions of the brain which regulate attention. This includes the prefrontal cortex and the basal Ganglia. There are a variety of non-stimulant drugs that are used to treat ADHD and other disorders. These medications are considered less effective, but are more secure than stimulants. For people with ADHD, treatment can be a long process, and it's important to see a medical provider regularly. The symptoms of the disorder can interfere with school, work, or relationships. Untreated, it can cause depression, low self esteem and eating disorders, as well as a poor nutrition, and alcohol or drug dependence. It's also crucial to speak with your doctor if you find that a medicine that was previously effective doesn't have the same effect or causes side negative effects. It's crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking, as some may interact with certain ADHD medications. Counseling If medication is utilized, counseling can assist adults and children with ADHD cope with everyday problems that result from their condition. Counselors can assist them in learning how to use calendars, date books, and remember appointments. They can also help set realistic goals. Counseling can also improve relationships and reduce conflict. Mental health professionals can help educate parents on the disorder and help them develop skills and attitudes or ways to relate to their children. Counseling can help patients of all ages organize their lives and improve the performance of their jobs. They can learn strategies to stay focused on their tasks, such as breaking large projects down into smaller steps that are easier to manage, and practice coping with frustration, anxiety and anger. Psychotherapy can assist adults in gaining confidence and control their impulsive and risk-taking behavior. In addition to counseling, many adults find it beneficial to consider other treatment options. Stimulants can have negative effects on the body, including insomnia and jitteriness, therefore they should be used only as prescribed. People suffering from ADHD should be honest with their healthcare providers and let them know that they are having issues tolerating certain medications. Most doctors prescribe the stimulant methylphenidate or MPH, to treat ADHD. This drug increases the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain that influence the way we think and behave. The drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release versions. The longer-acting versions build up slowly in the bloodstream, and then wear off slowly, which minimizes the “crash” result that can occur when the drug's level decreases. Some adults with ADHD can also benefit from nonstimulant medications such as atomoxetine an antidepressant bupropion, or atomoxetine. They work slower than stimulants, and could be more beneficial for people who are not able to take them due to other health issues or serious adverse effects. Many people suffering from ADHD also suffer from depression or anxiety. In these cases doctors will prescribe an antidepressant, or an antianxiety medicine, along with the ADHD medication. They will consider how the medications could interact or clash with each other, and they will look for signs of potentially harmful side effects. Other treatment options ADHD can be treated by a variety of drugs. They are all designed to increase the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This aids in focusing better and improves their ability to concentrate and remember. These medications include stimulants and nonstimulants. Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. They work well for a lot of people, but they can cause adverse side negative effects. Some of these adverse effects can be serious. Your doctor can assist you in determining the right dosage of medication to meet your requirements. They may also suggest alternative treatments that could reduce or eliminate side effects. The two most common kinds of stimulants for ADHD are dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate. These medications are sold under various brand names, including Adderall and Ritalin. They are available in extended-release and short-acting formulations. Short-acting medications can last for up to 3-4 hours and are typically taken twice or three times per day. Extended-release preparations are usually taken every day and can last as long as 16 hours. Many adults prefer to supplement an extended-release morning medication with a short-acting dose in the late afternoon or evening to fill the gap after the medicine wears off. Stimulants can cause nausea and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Some people may also feel more anxious and stressed than normal. They may cause tics to become more severe or increase their frequency. They can also cause a minor growth delay in some children and teenagers, but it is only temporary and doesn't affect the final height. They can also lead to weight gain and increase appetite. They may also cause an increase in blood cholesterol levels in some people. Certain antidepressants may also be used “off-label”, to treat ADHD. The most widely used is bupropion (Wellbutrin) that is a neurotransmitter stimulant that increases norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. It can be especially helpful for people suffering from ADHD and depression or anxiety. It is also a good option in the event that stimulants aren't working for you, if you are unable to tolerate them or are at risk of abusing them or if you suffer from a substance use disorder.